Ants Regulate Their Own Population
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Queens or workers within the same colony sometimes compete for egg-laying rights and kill one another. Another trigger for this infighting is when the colony’s population grows explosively to the point of endangering the colony itself.
So whether in the wild or in captivity, a colony ultimately tends towards a stable total size, and surplus individuals may leave to found new colonies elsewhere.
Source: Geekosystem: Ant executions
